instructions

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2026-02-28 20:52:29 +01:00
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# Makefile for Sphinx documentation
#
# You can set these variables from the command line.
SPHINXOPTS =
SPHINXBUILD = sphinx-build2
PAPER =
BUILDDIR = ""build
# User-friendly check for sphinx-build2
ifeq ($(shell which $(SPHINXBUILD) >/dev/null 2>&1; echo $$?), 1)
$(error The '$(SPHINXBUILD)' command was not found. Make sure you have Sphinx installed, then set the SPHINXBUILD environment variable to point to the full path of the '$(SPHINXBUILD)' executable. Alternatively you can add the directory with the executable to your PATH. If you don't have Sphinx installed, grab it from http://sphinx-doc.org/)
endif
# Internal variables.
PAPEROPT_a4 = -D latex_paper_size=a4
PAPEROPT_letter = -D latex_paper_size=letter
ALLSPHINXOPTS = -d $(BUILDDIR)/doctrees $(PAPEROPT_$(PAPER)) $(SPHINXOPTS) .
# the i18n builder cannot share the environment and doctrees with the others
I18NSPHINXOPTS = $(PAPEROPT_$(PAPER)) $(SPHINXOPTS) .
.PHONY: help clean html dirhtml singlehtml pickle json htmlhelp qthelp devhelp epub latex latexpdf text man changes linkcheck doctest gettext
help:
@echo "Please use \`make <target>' where <target> is one of"
@echo " html to make standalone HTML files"
@echo " dirhtml to make HTML files named index.html in directories"
@echo " singlehtml to make a single large HTML file"
@echo " pickle to make pickle files"
@echo " json to make JSON files"
@echo " htmlhelp to make HTML files and a HTML help project"
@echo " qthelp to make HTML files and a qthelp project"
@echo " devhelp to make HTML files and a Devhelp project"
@echo " epub to make an epub"
@echo " latex to make LaTeX files, you can set PAPER=a4 or PAPER=letter"
@echo " latexpdf to make LaTeX files and run them through pdflatex"
@echo " latexpdfja to make LaTeX files and run them through platex/dvipdfmx"
@echo " text to make text files"
@echo " man to make manual pages"
@echo " texinfo to make Texinfo files"
@echo " info to make Texinfo files and run them through makeinfo"
@echo " gettext to make PO message catalogs"
@echo " changes to make an overview of all changed/added/deprecated items"
@echo " xml to make Docutils-native XML files"
@echo " pseudoxml to make pseudoxml-XML files for display purposes"
@echo " linkcheck to check all external links for integrity"
@echo " doctest to run all doctests embedded in the documentation (if enabled)"
clean:
rm -rf $(BUILDDIR)/*
html:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b html $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/html
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The HTML pages are in $(BUILDDIR)/html."
dirhtml:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b dirhtml $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/dirhtml
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The HTML pages are in $(BUILDDIR)/dirhtml."
singlehtml:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b singlehtml $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/singlehtml
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The HTML page is in $(BUILDDIR)/singlehtml."
pickle:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b pickle $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/pickle
@echo
@echo "Build finished; now you can process the pickle files."
json:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b json $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/json
@echo
@echo "Build finished; now you can process the JSON files."
htmlhelp:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b htmlhelp $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/htmlhelp
@echo
@echo "Build finished; now you can run HTML Help Workshop with the" \
".hhp project file in $(BUILDDIR)/htmlhelp."
qthelp:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b qthelp $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/qthelp
@echo
@echo "Build finished; now you can run "qcollectiongenerator" with the" \
".qhcp project file in $(BUILDDIR)/qthelp, like this:"
@echo "# qcollectiongenerator $(BUILDDIR)/qthelp/Fail2Ban.qhcp"
@echo "To view the help file:"
@echo "# assistant -collectionFile $(BUILDDIR)/qthelp/Fail2Ban.qhc"
devhelp:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b devhelp $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/devhelp
@echo
@echo "Build finished."
@echo "To view the help file:"
@echo "# mkdir -p $$HOME/.local/share/devhelp/Fail2Ban"
@echo "# ln -s $(BUILDDIR)/devhelp $$HOME/.local/share/devhelp/Fail2Ban"
@echo "# devhelp"
epub:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b epub $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/epub
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The epub file is in $(BUILDDIR)/epub."
latex:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b latex $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/latex
@echo
@echo "Build finished; the LaTeX files are in $(BUILDDIR)/latex."
@echo "Run \`make' in that directory to run these through (pdf)latex" \
"(use \`make latexpdf' here to do that automatically)."
latexpdf:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b latex $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/latex
@echo "Running LaTeX files through pdflatex..."
$(MAKE) -C $(BUILDDIR)/latex all-pdf
@echo "pdflatex finished; the PDF files are in $(BUILDDIR)/latex."
latexpdfja:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b latex $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/latex
@echo "Running LaTeX files through platex and dvipdfmx..."
$(MAKE) -C $(BUILDDIR)/latex all-pdf-ja
@echo "pdflatex finished; the PDF files are in $(BUILDDIR)/latex."
text:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b text $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/text
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The text files are in $(BUILDDIR)/text."
man:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b man $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/man
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The manual pages are in $(BUILDDIR)/man."
texinfo:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b texinfo $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/texinfo
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The Texinfo files are in $(BUILDDIR)/texinfo."
@echo "Run \`make' in that directory to run these through makeinfo" \
"(use \`make info' here to do that automatically)."
info:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b texinfo $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/texinfo
@echo "Running Texinfo files through makeinfo..."
make -C $(BUILDDIR)/texinfo info
@echo "makeinfo finished; the Info files are in $(BUILDDIR)/texinfo."
gettext:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b gettext $(I18NSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/locale
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The message catalogs are in $(BUILDDIR)/locale."
changes:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b changes $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/changes
@echo
@echo "The overview file is in $(BUILDDIR)/changes."
linkcheck:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b linkcheck $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/linkcheck
@echo
@echo "Link check complete; look for any errors in the above output " \
"or in $(BUILDDIR)/linkcheck/output.txt."
doctest:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b doctest $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/doctest
@echo "Testing of doctests in the sources finished, look at the " \
"results in $(BUILDDIR)/doctest/output.txt."
xml:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b xml $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/xml
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The XML files are in $(BUILDDIR)/xml."
pseudoxml:
$(SPHINXBUILD) -b pseudoxml $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/pseudoxml
@echo
@echo "Build finished. The pseudo-XML files are in $(BUILDDIR)/pseudoxml."

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import os
sys.path.insert(0, ".")
sys.path.insert(0, "..")
# If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory,
# add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the
# documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here.
#sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('.'))
# -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------
# If your documentation needs a minimal Sphinx version, state it here.
#needs_sphinx = '1.0'
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be
# extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom
# ones.
extensions = [
'sphinx.ext.autodoc',
'sphinx.ext.autosummary',
'numpydoc',
]
# Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory.
templates_path = ['templates']
# The suffix of source filenames.
source_suffix = '.rst'
# The encoding of source files.
#source_encoding = 'utf-8-sig'
# The master toctree document.
master_doc = 'index'
# General information about the project.
project = u'Fail2Ban'
copyright = u'2014'
# The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
# |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
# built documents.
#
from fail2ban.version import version as fail2ban_version
# The short X.Y version.
version = ".".join(str(_) for _ in fail2ban_version.split(".")[:2])
# The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
release = fail2ban_version
# The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
# for a list of supported languages.
#language = None
# There are two options for replacing |today|: either, you set today to some
# non-false value, then it is used:
#today = ''
# Else, today_fmt is used as the format for a strftime call.
#today_fmt = '%B %d, %Y'
# List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and
# directories to ignore when looking for source files.
exclude_patterns = ['build']
# The reST default role (used for this markup: `text`) to use for all
# documents.
#default_role = None
# If true, '()' will be appended to :func: etc. cross-reference text.
#add_function_parentheses = True
# If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description
# unit titles (such as .. function::).
#add_module_names = True
# If true, sectionauthor and moduleauthor directives will be shown in the
# output. They are ignored by default.
#show_authors = False
# The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use.
pygments_style = 'sphinx'
# A list of ignored prefixes for module index sorting.
#modindex_common_prefix = []
# If true, keep warnings as "system message" paragraphs in the built documents.
#keep_warnings = False
# -- Options for HTML output ----------------------------------------------
# The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages. See the documentation for
# a list of builtin themes.
html_theme = 'default'
# Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme
# further. For a list of options available for each theme, see the
# documentation.
#html_theme_options = {}
# Add any paths that contain custom themes here, relative to this directory.
#html_theme_path = []
# The name for this set of Sphinx documents. If None, it defaults to
# "<project> v<release> documentation".
#html_title = None
# A shorter title for the navigation bar. Default is the same as html_title.
#html_short_title = None
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top
# of the sidebar.
#html_logo = None
# The name of an image file (within the static path) to use as favicon of the
# docs. This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32
# pixels large.
#html_favicon = None
# Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here,
# relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files,
# so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css".
html_static_path = ['static']
# Add any extra paths that contain custom files (such as robots.txt or
# .htaccess) here, relative to this directory. These files are copied
# directly to the root of the documentation.
#html_extra_path = []
# If not '', a 'Last updated on:' timestamp is inserted at every page bottom,
# using the given strftime format.
#html_last_updated_fmt = '%b %d, %Y'
# If true, SmartyPants will be used to convert quotes and dashes to
# typographically correct entities.
#html_use_smartypants = True
# Custom sidebar templates, maps document names to template names.
#html_sidebars = {}
# Additional templates that should be rendered to pages, maps page names to
# template names.
#html_additional_pages = {}
# If false, no module index is generated.
#html_domain_indices = True
# If false, no index is generated.
#html_use_index = True
# If true, the index is split into individual pages for each letter.
#html_split_index = False
# If true, links to the reST sources are added to the pages.
#html_show_sourcelink = True
# If true, "Created using Sphinx" is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
#html_show_sphinx = True
# If true, "(C) Copyright ..." is shown in the HTML footer. Default is True.
#html_show_copyright = True
# If true, an OpenSearch description file will be output, and all pages will
# contain a <link> tag referring to it. The value of this option must be the
# base URL from which the finished HTML is served.
#html_use_opensearch = ''
# This is the file name suffix for HTML files (e.g. ".xhtml").
#html_file_suffix = None
# Output file base name for HTML help builder.
htmlhelp_basename = 'Fail2Bandoc'
# -- Options for LaTeX output ---------------------------------------------
latex_elements = {
# The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper').
#'papersize': 'letterpaper',
# The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt').
#'pointsize': '10pt',
# Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble.
#'preamble': '',
}
# Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples
# (source start file, target name, title,
# author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]).
latex_documents = [
('index', 'Fail2Ban.tex', u'Fail2Ban Developers\' Documentation',
u'', 'manual'),
]
# The name of an image file (relative to this directory) to place at the top of
# the title page.
#latex_logo = None
# For "manual" documents, if this is true, then toplevel headings are parts,
# not chapters.
#latex_use_parts = False
# If true, show page references after internal links.
#latex_show_pagerefs = False
# If true, show URL addresses after external links.
#latex_show_urls = False
# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
#latex_appendices = []
# If false, no module index is generated.
#latex_domain_indices = True
# -- Options for manual page output ---------------------------------------
# One entry per manual page. List of tuples
# (source start file, name, description, authors, manual section).
man_pages = [
('index', 'fail2ban', u'Fail2Ban Developers\' Documentation',
[u''], 1)
]
# If true, show URL addresses after external links.
#man_show_urls = False
# -- Options for Texinfo output -------------------------------------------
# Grouping the document tree into Texinfo files. List of tuples
# (source start file, target name, title, author,
# dir menu entry, description, category)
texinfo_documents = [
('index', 'Fail2Ban', u'Fail2Ban Developers\' Documentation',
u'', 'Fail2Ban', 'One line description of project.',
'Miscellaneous'),
]
# Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals.
#texinfo_appendices = []
# If false, no module index is generated.
#texinfo_domain_indices = True
# How to display URL addresses: 'footnote', 'no', or 'inline'.
#texinfo_show_urls = 'footnote'
# If true, do not generate a @detailmenu in the "Top" node's menu.
#texinfo_no_detailmenu = False
autodoc_default_flags = ['members', 'inherited-members', 'undoc-members', 'show-inheritance']

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.. include:: ../DEVELOP

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fail2ban.client.actionreader module
===================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.actionreader
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.beautifier module
=================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.beautifier
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.configparserinc module
======================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.configparserinc
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.configreader module
===================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.configreader
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.configurator module
===================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.configurator
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.csocket module
==============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.csocket
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.fail2banreader module
=====================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.fail2banreader
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.filterreader module
===================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.filterreader
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.jailreader module
=================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.jailreader
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client.jailsreader module
==================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.client.jailsreader
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.client package
=======================
.. toctree::
fail2ban.client.actionreader
fail2ban.client.beautifier
fail2ban.client.configparserinc
fail2ban.client.configreader
fail2ban.client.configurator
fail2ban.client.csocket
fail2ban.client.fail2banreader
fail2ban.client.filterreader
fail2ban.client.jailreader
fail2ban.client.jailsreader

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fail2ban.exceptions module
==========================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.exceptions
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.helpers module
=======================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.helpers
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.protocol module
========================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.protocol
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban package
================
.. toctree::
fail2ban.client
fail2ban.server
fail2ban.exceptions
fail2ban.helpers
fail2ban.protocol
fail2ban.version

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fail2ban.server.action module
=============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.action
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.actions module
==============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.actions
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.asyncserver module
==================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.asyncserver
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.banmanager module
=================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.banmanager
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.database module
===============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.database
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.datedetector module
===================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.datedetector
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.datetemplate module
===================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.datetemplate
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.failmanager module
==================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.failmanager
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.failregex module
================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.failregex
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.filter module
=============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.filter
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.filterpoll module
=================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.filterpoll
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.filterpyinotify module
======================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.filterpyinotify
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.filtersystemd module
====================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.filtersystemd
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.jail module
===========================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.jail
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.jails module
============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.jails
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.jailthread module
=================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.jailthread
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.mytime module
=============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.mytime
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server package
=======================
.. toctree::
fail2ban.server.action
fail2ban.server.actions
fail2ban.server.asyncserver
fail2ban.server.banmanager
fail2ban.server.database
fail2ban.server.datedetector
fail2ban.server.datetemplate
fail2ban.server.failmanager
fail2ban.server.failregex
fail2ban.server.filter
fail2ban.server.filterpoll
fail2ban.server.filterpyinotify
fail2ban.server.filtersystemd
fail2ban.server.jail
fail2ban.server.jails
fail2ban.server.jailthread
fail2ban.server.mytime
fail2ban.server.server
fail2ban.server.strptime
fail2ban.server.ticket
fail2ban.server.transmitter
fail2ban.server.utils

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fail2ban.server.server module
=============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.server
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.strptime module
===============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.strptime
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.ticket module
=============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.ticket
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.transmitter module
==================================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.transmitter
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.server.utils module
===============================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.server.utils
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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fail2ban.version module
=======================
.. automodule:: fail2ban.version
:members:
:undoc-members:
:show-inheritance:

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.. include:: ../FILTERS

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Welcome to Fail2Ban's developers documentation!
===============================================
Contents:
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
develop
filters
release
fail2ban
Indices and tables
==================
* :ref:`genindex`
* :ref:`search`

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.. include:: ../RELEASE

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numpydoc

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Fail2ban normally requires root privileges to insert iptables rules
through calls to /sbin/iptables and also to read the logfiles.
Fail2ban can run as an unprivileged user provided that those two
capabilities are preserved. The idea is to run fail2ban as a normal
user (e.g. fail2ban) who belongs to a group which is allowed to read
logfiles. The user should also be allowed to write to
/proc/net/xt_recent/fail2ban-<name> (name is specified in the iptables
rule).
/proc/net/xt_recent/* is created by the xt_recent kernel module when
an iptables rule with '-m limit' is inserted. This file contains a
dynamic list of IP addresses which can than be used in iptables rules.
Addresses can be matched against this list, with an optional timeout.
One way to use xt_recent is to insert IPs into this list from an
iptables rule, e.g. after connecting to the SSH port three times in a
minute. This is the standard usage described in iptables(3).
Another way to use xt_recent is by inserting the rules by writing to
/proc/net/xt_recent/fail2ban-<name>. This can be performed by a fail2ban
action. Files in /proc/net/xt_recent/ are protected by normal
filesystem rules, so can be chown'ed and chmod'ed to be writable by a
certain user. After the necessary iptables rules are inserted (which
requires root privileges), blacklisting can be performed by an
unprivileged user.
Using fail2ban with xt_recent allows smarter filtering than normal
iptables rules with the xt_recent module can provide.
The disadvantage is that fail2ban cannot perform the setup by itself,
which would require the privilege to call /sbin/iptables, and it must
be done through other means.
The primary advantage is obvious: it's generally better to run
services not as root. This setup is more robust, because xt_recent has
it's own memory management and should behave smartly in case a very
large amount of IPs is blocked. Also in case the fail2ban process dies
the rules expire automatically. In case of a large amount of blocked
IPs, traversing rules linearly for each SYN packet as fail2ban
normally inserts them will be slow, but xt_recent with the same number
of IPs would be much faster. (Didn't test this, so this is pure
handwaving, but it should really be this way ;)) From the
administrators point of view, a setup with xt_recent might also be
easier, because it's very simple to modify the permissions on
/proc/net/xt_recent/fail2ban-<name> to be readable or writable by
some user and thus allow delisting IPs by helper administrators
without the ability to mess up other iptables rules.
The xt_recent-echo jail can be used under the root user without
further configuration. To run not as root, further setup is necessary:
- Create user:
- set FAIL2BAN_USER in /etc/default/fail2ban.
This probably should be fail2ban.
- add user fail2ban who can read /var/log/auth.log and other
necessary log files. Log files are owned by group 'adm', so
it is enough if this user belongs to this group.
The user can be created e.g. with
useradd --system --no-create-home --home-dir / --groups adm fail2ban
- Statically initialize chains firewall:
- put a rule to check the xt_recent list in the static firewall initialization
script, with names like fail2ban-ssh (action uses separate chains per each
jail, so define here the ones you need 1-per-jail)
Sample invocation might be
iptables -I INPUT -m recent --update --seconds 3600 --name fail2ban-<name> -j DROP
with <name> suitably replaced.
- Permissions:
make sure that configuration files under /etc/fail2ban are readable by
fail2ban user. Make sure that logfiles of fail2ban itself are writable
by the fail2ban user. /etc/init.d/fail2ban will change the ownership at
startup, but it is also necessary to modify /etc/logrotate.d/fail2ban.
The simplest way is to replace '# create ...' with the following
# create 640 fail2ban adm