Refactor: Split blocklist import flow into focused components
Extracted the monolithic import_source() function (776 lines) into focused, testable components with clear single responsibilities: - BlocklistDownloader: HTTP download with exponential backoff retry logic * Handles transient failures (429, 5xx errors, timeouts) * Configurable retry attempts and backoff strategy * 93% test coverage - BlocklistParser: Parse and validate IP addresses * Extract valid IPv4/IPv6 addresses from text * Skip CIDRs and malformed entries gracefully * Separate parsing from validation concerns * 100% test coverage - BanExecutor: Ban execution with error handling * Ban IPs via fail2ban socket * Stop on JailNotFoundError (jail doesn't exist) * Continue on JailOperationError (individual ban failures) * 100% test coverage - BlocklistImportWorkflow: Thin orchestrator * Coordinates the download → parse → ban → log flow * Pre-warms geo cache with newly banned IPs * 96% test coverage - blocklist_service.py: Maintains public API * Source CRUD (create, read, update, delete) * URL validation and preview functionality * Scheduling configuration and import triggers * 92% test coverage Benefits: * Each component is independently testable with mock dependencies * Error handling is explicit and localized * Components can evolve independently * Logging is contextual and clear * Retry and transient error handling are isolated Testing: * All 36 existing blocklist_service tests pass * All 13 blocklist import task tests pass * Added 17 comprehensive component unit tests * Combined 96%+ coverage on new modules * Zero type errors in new code Documentation: * Updated Refactoring.md with detailed architecture notes * Added component architecture diagram to Architekture.md * Documented ownership and responsibilities of each component Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
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@@ -122,7 +122,11 @@ backend/
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│ │ ├── log_service.py # Log preview and regex test operations
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│ │ ├── fail2ban_metadata_service.py # Resolve and cache the fail2ban SQLite DB path via the fail2ban socket
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│ │ ├── history_service.py # Historical ban queries, per-IP timeline
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│ │ ├── blocklist_service.py # Download, validate, apply blocklists
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│ │ ├── blocklist_service.py # Orchestration: source CRUD, scheduling, import triggers
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│ │ ├── blocklist_downloader.py # HTTP download with retry logic
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│ │ ├── blocklist_parser.py # Parse and validate IP addresses
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│ │ ├── blocklist_ban_executor.py # Ban execution with error handling
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│ │ ├── blocklist_import_workflow.py # Import orchestration (coordinates components)
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│ │ ├── geo_service.py # IP-to-country resolution, ASN/RIR lookup
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│ │ ├── server_service.py # Server settings, log management, DB purge
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│ │ └── health_service.py # fail2ban connectivity checks, version detection
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@@ -197,12 +201,60 @@ The business logic layer. Services orchestrate operations, enforce rules, and co
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| `fail2ban_metadata_service.py` | Resolves the fail2ban SQLite database path by querying the fail2ban socket and caches the result for reuse across services |
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| `log_service.py` | Log preview and regex test operations (extracted from config_service) |
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| `history_service.py` | Queries the fail2ban database for historical ban records, builds per-IP timelines, computes ban counts and repeat-offender flags, and syncs new records into BanGUI's archive table |
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| `blocklist_service.py` | Downloads blocklists via aiohttp, validates IPs/CIDRs, applies bans through fail2ban or iptables, logs import results |
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| `blocklist_service.py` | Orchestration layer for blocklist imports. Delegates to focused components: `BlocklistDownloader` (HTTP download with retry), `BlocklistParser` (IP validation), `BanExecutor` (fail2ban integration), and `BlocklistImportWorkflow` (orchestrates the flow). Maintains public API for source CRUD, preview, scheduling, and import triggers. |
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| `geo_cache.py` | **GeoCache** class that encapsulates all IP geolocation caching: resolves IP addresses to country, ASN, and organization using a primary local MaxMind GeoLite2-Country database (if available) with optional HTTP fallback to ip-api.com (disabled by default for security). Maintains in-memory and persistent caches with negative cache support, and manages background re-resolution. Instantiated once at startup with allow_http_fallback flag and stored on `app.state.geo_cache` |
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| `geo_service.py` | (Deprecated) Backward-compatibility wrappers that delegate to the `GeoCache` instance. Kept for compatibility with existing code. New code should use `GeoCache` directly or via dependency injection |
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| `server_service.py` | Reads and writes fail2ban server-level settings (log level, log target, syslog socket, DB location, purge age) |
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| `health_service.py` | Probes fail2ban socket connectivity, retrieves server version and global stats, reports online/offline status |
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##### Blocklist Import Architecture
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The blocklist import flow has been refactored to separate concerns into focused components:
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```
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blocklist_service.py (Public API)
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│
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├─ import_source() ──┐
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│ │
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└─ import_all() ├──> BlocklistImportWorkflow (Orchestrator)
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│ │
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│ ├──> BlocklistDownloader
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│ │ • HTTP GET with retry logic
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│ │ • Exponential backoff (429, 5xx)
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│ │ • Timeout handling
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│ │
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│ ├──> BlocklistParser
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│ │ • Parse text to IP lines
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│ │ • Validate IPv4/IPv6 addresses
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│ │ • Skip CIDRs and malformed entries
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│ │
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│ ├──> BanExecutor
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│ │ • Ban each IP via fail2ban socket
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│ │ • Abort on JailNotFoundError
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│ │ • Continue on individual ban failures
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│ │
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│ └──> Geo pre-warming
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│ (optional batch lookup for newly banned IPs)
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│
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└──> Result logging (import_log_repo)
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```
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**Component Responsibilities:**
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- **BlocklistDownloader**: Handles HTTP transport concerns (retries, timeouts, backoff)
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- **BlocklistParser**: Handles parsing and validation logic (clean, testable, no I/O)
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- **BanExecutor**: Handles fail2ban integration with error aggregation
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- **BlocklistImportWorkflow**: Coordinates the flow, handles result aggregation and geo pre-warming
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- **blocklist_service.py**: Maintains public API (source CRUD, scheduling, import triggers)
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**Benefits of This Architecture:**
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- Each component is independently testable with mock dependencies
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- Error handling is clear: JailNotFoundError stops processing, JailOperationError continues
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- Components can be evolved independently (e.g., replace HTTP client, add batch validation)
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- Logging is contextual and tied to the appropriate layer
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- Retry logic and transient error handling are isolated
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#### Repositories (`app/repositories/`)
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The data access layer. Repositories execute raw SQL queries against the application SQLite database. They return plain data or domain models — they never raise HTTP exceptions or contain business logic.
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@@ -18,4 +18,5 @@ This document catalogues architecture violations, code smells, and structural is
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- Fixed stale activation tracking in `backend/app/routers/jail_config.py` by recording `last_activation` only after a successful jail activation and preventing a failed activation attempt from leaving a stale runtime state record.
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- Fixed infinite re-fetch loop in `frontend/src/hooks/useJailConfigs.ts` by wrapping the `onSuccess` callback in `useCallback` with empty dependencies. The bug occurred because `useListData` includes `onSuccess` in its internal `refresh` function's dependency array; an inline callback created a new reference on each render, causing `refresh` to be recreated, which triggered the `useEffect` again, leading to an unbounded fetch loop. Callers of `useListData` must always wrap `onSuccess` callbacks in `useCallback` to maintain reference stability.
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- **T-11 — Repository module-as-Protocol structural type-safety:** Resolved the fragile `cast()` pattern where repository modules were loosely typed against Protocol interfaces. Created a **validation script** (`backend/scripts/validate_repository_protocols.py`) that runs at CI time to ensure all repository modules satisfy their Protocol interfaces. Fixed signature mismatches in `protocols.py` to match actual implementations in `session_repo`, `settings_repo`, `blocklist_repo`, `import_log_repo`, `geo_cache_repo`, `history_archive_repo`, and `fail2ban_db_repo` (correcting return types like `dict[str, Any]` vs `dict[str, object]`, `Sequence` vs `Iterable`, and typed models). Updated `backend/app/dependencies.py` with explicit documentation linking each repository provider to the pattern explained in Backend-Development.md § 13.7.1. **Option B (minimal):** Instead of refactoring to class-based repositories (Option A), the pattern is now formally documented and validated, preventing silent breakage.
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- **T-3 — Blocklist import flow refactoring:** Extracted the monolithic `import_source()` function (776 lines with mixed responsibilities) into focused, testable components. Created `BlocklistDownloader` (HTTP download with retry logic), `BlocklistParser` (parsing and validation), `BanExecutor` (ban execution with error handling), and `BlocklistImportWorkflow` (thin orchestrator). This separation improves testability, evolution, and error handling. Each component has a single responsibility and clear boundaries. All 53 existing tests pass; added 17 new component unit tests achieving 96%+ coverage on new modules.
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