"""Display sanitization utilities for HTML render contexts. All user-supplied values echoed in error messages or other HTML-rendered output MUST be sanitized first. This module provides the canonical sanitize_for_display() function. """ from __future__ import annotations import html def sanitize_for_display(value: str) -> str: """Escape HTML special characters in user-supplied strings. Use this before interpolating user input into any string that will be rendered in an HTML context (e.g. error messages, admin UI, email). Does NOT over-escape: JSON responses are not HTML contexts and do not need this treatment. Apply sanitization only at HTML render boundaries. Args: value: Raw user-supplied string. Returns: The string with HTML special characters escaped. """ return html.escape(value, quote=True)